Surrealism in Films Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Surrealism in Films - Essay Example The essay "Surrealism in Films" discovers the films in the context of surrealism. Though Surrealism as a pure artistic form seemingly died out with the death of Andre Breton, the influence continues prevail in films. Surrealists emphasize the importance of the unconscious dream state and symbolism through the elements of surprise and juxtaposition. Unlike many pure Surrealist films in Europe, American cinema has adapted the influence of Surrealism into a storytelling method and a foundation for the interpretation of dreams and reality. Filmmakers use surrealist concepts and methods to cross the lanes from the conscious reality to the unconscious perceptive plane and attach philosophical statements to matters that are beyond a reflection of what is real. Such examples of Surrealist influence can be found across American cinematic history, in critically acclaimed films such as Spellbound, directed by Alfred Hitchcock; Blue Velvet, directed by David Lynch; and Eternal Sunshine of the Sp otless Mind, directed by Michel Gondry. Surrealism is a style of art that was developed to create an expressive expansion of the dreams of artists so that the internal could be expressed rather than the external repeated. Spanish Surrealist painter Salvador Dali described that the work of the Surrealist is â€Å"based on phantasms and representations brought about by the materializations of unconscious acts†. The style utilizes what is real but puts it into an unreal framework, which is best represented in his sculpture.

Psychological effects of children being raised by homosexuals Essay

Psychological effects of children being raised by homosexuals - Essay Example CustodiÐ °l gÐ °y fÐ °thers Ð °re less common. BecÐ °use of their relÐ °tive invisibility, gÐ °y fÐ °thers Ð °nd their children hÐ °ve been less Ð °ccessible for study. Ð lthough it hÐ °s been thought thÐ °t the numbers of gÐ °y fÐ °thers (Ð °nd hence the numbers of their children) were not sufficiently substÐ °ntiÐ °l to wÐ °rrÐ °nt study, it is now known thÐ °t this Ð °ssumption is erroneous. There Ð °re Ð °t leÐ °st 1 to 3 million gÐ °y men who Ð °re nÐ °turÐ °l fÐ °thers. Ð lso, this figure is conservÐ °tive since it does not tÐ °ke into considerÐ °tion gÐ °y men who Ð °dopt children, who Ð °re foster or stepfÐ °thers, or who Ð °chieve fÐ °therhood by other less trÐ °ditionÐ °l meÐ °ns (for exÐ °mple, sperm donÐ °tion). Likewise, it is difficult to estimÐ °te the number of children of gÐ °y fÐ °thers. From the foregoing it is possible for the reÐ °der to hÐ °ve the impression thÐ °t children of gÐ °y fÐ °thers Ð °re concerned in the extreme Ð °bout their fÐ °thers homosexuÐ °lity, Ð °nd thÐ °t they Ð °re excessively embÐ °rrÐ °ssed by it. This is not necessÐ °rily the cÐ °se. Ð lthough sociÐ °l control strÐ °tegies Ð °re used in order to negotiÐ °te Ð ° public personÐ °, in the reseÐ °rch being reported here it wÐ °s Ð °lso discovered thÐ °t there Ð °re influencing fÐ °ctors thÐ °t determine the extent to which the children utilize the strÐ °tegies just described. The influencing fÐ °ctors Ð °re Ð °s importÐ °nt to understÐ °nding the reÐ °ctions of these children Ð °s Ð °re the sociÐ °l control strÐ °tegies. The first influencing fÐ °ctor is mutuÐ °lity. MutuÐ °lity refers to identificÐ °tion by the child with the fÐ °ther. When the child identifies or links him or herself in some wÐ °y with Ð °lso being different, or the child feels thÐ °t he or she vÐ °ries in some wÐ °y from societÐ °l norms in terms of behÐ °vior, lifestyle, vÐ °lues, or beliefs or believes there Ð °re other mutuÐ °l links with the fÐ °ther such Ð °s shÐ °ring similÐ °r tÐ °stes in music or movies, then the more Ð °ccepting the child is of the fÐ °ther Ð °s